C++ Operator Precedence
From Cppreference
The following table lists the precedence and associativity of C++ operators. Operators are listed top to bottom, in descending precedence. Descending precedence refers to the priority of evaluation. Considering an expression, an operator which is listed on some row will be evaluated prior to any operator that is listed on a row further below it. Operators that are in the same cell (there may be several rows of operators listed in a cell) are evaluated with the same precedence, in the given direction. An operator's precedence is unaffected by overloading.
Precedence | Operator | Description | Associativity |
---|---|---|---|
1 | ::
|
Scope resolution | Left-to-right |
2 | ++ --
|
Suffix/postfix increment and decrement | |
()
|
Function call | ||
[]
|
Array subscripting | ||
.
|
Element selection by reference | ||
->
|
Element selection through pointer | ||
typeid()
|
Run-time type information (see typeid) | ||
const_cast
|
Type cast (see const_cast) | ||
dynamic_cast
|
Type cast (see dynamic_cast) | ||
reinterpret_cast
|
Type cast (see reinterpret_cast) | ||
static_cast
|
Type cast (see static_cast) | ||
3 | ++ --
|
Prefix increment and decrement | Right-to-left |
+ -
|
Unary plus and minus | ||
! ~
|
Logical NOT and bitwise NOT | ||
(type)
|
Type cast | ||
*
|
Indirection (dereference) | ||
&
|
Address-of | ||
sizeof
|
Size-of | ||
new , new[]
|
Dynamic memory allocation | ||
delete , delete[]
|
Dynamic memory deallocation | ||
4 | .* ->*
|
Pointer to member | Left-to-right |
5 | * / %
|
Multiplication, division, and remainder/modulus[1] | |
6 | + -
|
Addition and subtraction | |
7 | << >>
|
Bitwise left shift and right shift | |
8 | < <=
|
For relational operators < and ≤ respectively | |
> >=
|
For relational operators > and ≥ respectively | ||
9 | == !=
|
For relational = and ≠ respectively | |
10 | &
|
Bitwise AND | |
11 | ^
|
Bitwise XOR (exclusive or) | |
12 | |
|
Bitwise OR (inclusive or) | |
13 | &&
|
Logical AND | |
14 | ||
|
Logical OR | |
15 | ?:
|
Ternary conditional | Right-to-Left |
16 | =
|
Direct assignment (provided by default for C++ classes) | |
+= -=
|
Assignment by sum and difference | ||
*= /= %=
|
Assignment by product, quotient, and remainder | ||
<<= >>=
|
Assignment by bitwise left shift and right shift | ||
&= ^= |=
|
Assignment by bitwise AND, XOR, and OR | ||
17 | throw
|
Throw operator (exceptions throwing) | |
18 | ,
|
Comma | Left-to-right |
- ↑ ISO/IEC 14882:2003 : Programming languages -- C++. "the binary % operator yields the remainder from the division of the first expression by the second. .... If both operands are nonnegative then the remainder is nonnegative; if not, the sign of the remainder is implementation-defined".